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ABSTRACT

 

Water sample were collected along these river at various location, and were studied. The parameters determined were P4, temperature, conductivity, total hardness, alkalinity, ca hardness, maghardwen Cation (Pb2+ Fe2+ Cu2+) were also determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (DDS).     From the analysis showed that PH ranges from 6.10 – 6.80 temperature from 63.10 us/cm - - 63.90 us/cm-1 while were hardness 6.00mgk – 6.60mgk alkalinity rages from 7.00 – 9.00 Ph2+ ranges from 0.2mgk – 0.16mgk CU2+ ranges from 0.01mgk – 0.03mgk Fe2+ ranges from 0023mgk – 0.23mgk Nl2+ ranges from 0.11mgk – 0.70mgk.    The result of the analysis revealed that the sample are soft and would leather easily with water.

 

CHAPTER OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1. Introduction                                                                   1

1.1     Statement of problem                                                    2

1. Objective                                                                        2
2. Limitation                                                                      2
3. Hypothesis                                                                              2

CHAPTER TWO      

1. Literature Review                                                                    3

2.1     Effluent                                                                          6

1. Effluent Quality                                                             7
2. Type of Pollution                                                                    8
3. Classification of Water Pollution                                   9
4. Effects of Water Pollution                                             11
5. Quality Criteria                                                              15
6. Portable Water Standard                                                         16
7. Storage and Preservation of Water Sample                             18

CHAPTER THREE

1. Materials and Method                                                    23     

CHAPTER FOUR                           

1. Results                                                                       28     

CHAPTER FIVE

1. Conclusion/Recommendation                                        33

Reference                                                                       34

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

   

1. INTRODUCTION

Water is one the most abundant substance in nature. It was previously considered to be an element, not until Canvendish proved it to be a compound consisting of hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 2:1 by volume.

Water covers approximately three quarters of the entire surface, but in spite of this apparent abundance, several factors have limited the amount of water available for human use.

It is of fundamental importance to all kinds of plants and animals and therefore to man. It is of equal importance with the air we breath in maintaining the vital process necessary for life and growth. But since it is not every available, its provision has form the earliest part of villages and town to the places where water supply exist.

          Water is a vital commodity to industries for process field stock (reacting raw materials) solvent compound and cooling process. It is distributed in many forms such as rain water, spring water, sea water and water.

 

1.1     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The oil industries along this river discharge their waste sample into the Aleasa river, this effluent posses environmental hazards when disposed by the industries into water bodies, thereby causing effect on the life of the people. 

 

1.2     OBJECTIVE

The objective is to determine the nature of the pollutant and its quantitative concentration level.

 

1.4     LIMITATION

A detail study of this work should have been carried out, but to the following factors there is limitation in the work. The factors include: (a) finance (b) time (c) non-availability of equipment to carry out most of the test (d) chemical to be used in carrying out most of the test.

 

1.3     HYPOTHESIS

          It is assured that the rate of water borne diseases among the people living along this Aleasa River, is as a result of polluted water caused by effluents waste products from the industries.